Germany:  Important Dates - Prehistory into Modern History, Page1

Updated:  24 Nov 2001

Dates Important In German History

Added Are Dates and Causes of German Migration Plus Remmick & Hubert Family Migrations and History Linked To These Dates

Prehistory 500.000 - 150.000 B.C. Oldest known human remains  [jaw bone] on German soil, Homo Heidelbergensist, was found at Mauer which is near Heidelberg Skull near Steinheim an der Murr Skeleton of Neanderthal man in the Neander valle near Duesseldorf 60,000 - 10,000 Palaeolithic Period Humans lived in large groups who were hunters , fisherman and gathers Stone weapons Dwellings were caves, huts and tents 8000 - 1800 Humans established settlements with log-built houses, pile dwellings (Lake Constance) Beginnings of agriculture and stock rearing Beginnings of trade and intercommuinication Burials held  megalithic tombs [Hunegraeber"] on Luenburg Heath 1800 - 750 Bronze Age in Central Europe Began to used materials such as bronze, amber, gold.... Tumulus tombs c. 1000 Iron Age in Europe begins 800 - 400 First European culture begins with the Keltics* in southern Germany Huge wave of migration in Europe Hill forts are built Heuneburg near Sigmaringen 800 - 70 Germanic people push into the Keltic territory from Schleswig-Holstein to the Oder and Rhine and into southern Germany c.58 B.C. Romans make the Rhine and the north-eastern frontier part of their Roman Empire 40 B.C. and after The security of the Rhine frontier creates forts at Cologne, Trier, Koblenz, Mainz and others along the Rhine River 9 A.D. The Cheruscan leader Hermann (Arminius) defeated the Roman army  in the Teutoburg Forest Hermann is the son of Segimar , a Cherusci who had inhatbited the land between the Weser and the Elbe plus the Hartz Mts. Hermann entered the Roman services as a youth and gained by service the title of Roman knight and commanded one of the legions employed by Augustus.... 90 A.D. and after Limes Line is set from the Rhine to the Danube to check the advances of the the Germans Forts were built in Wiesbaden, Augsburg, Regensburg, Passue, others 200 and after The following West German tribes rise into power. They are: Alemanni, Franks, Chatti, Bejuwari, Saxon, Frisians, Thuringians, and Langobardi c. 260 Germans successfully break through the Limes Line and advance into the Danube frontier

Early Historical History

375 to 919- Great migration to the end of the Carolingian [Frank] Empire c.375 the Huns invaded Europe 481 to 511 - Clovis, The King of the Franks  (House of Merovingian) rises into power 496 the Franks defeat the Alemani and accept the Catholic religion 751 - Charlemagne extends his rule over the territories of Saxon, Bajuwari (Bavarians) and into northern Italy and with him came his Catholic religion 800 on the 25th of Dec. - Charlemagne (Carolingian Dynasty) begins his rule of the Franks as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. 800 to 1517 - Middle Ages 814 -Louis I "the Pious", son of Charlemange, inherits the throne 843 -Treaty of Verdun and the dissolution of the Frankish state.

919 to 1517 - The German Empire, Middle Ages, and Decline of Catholic Church in German states to the Reformation 919 - Heinrich I, Saxon King was crowned and united Franks, Saxons, Swabians and Bavarias and the term Kingdom of Germans  [Empire of Germans/Regnum Teutonicorum] is implied...... 955 - Victory over the Hungarians caused the control over the Slavs between the Oder and the Elbe Rivers 962 - Otto I, son of Henry I,  crowned Emperor of the German states in Rome... 1035 - Kingdom of Burgundy is taken into the German Empire 1095 - 1291  Crusades were created in order to regain the Holy Lands from Islam 1095 began First Crusade in France which carried into the German Empire.  Crusaders were   lead by Walter "The Penniless", Peter "The Hermit" and others Massacred the Jews in the Rhineland Angered the Bulgarians and Hungarians who caused them to disperse Those who reached Constantinople were hungary, tattered and exhausted Were easily defeated by the Turks 1097 began Second Crusade Sworn faithfulness to the Byzantine Emperor Alexius I thereby accepting him as their "overlord" Victorious campaign gave them Jerusalem in 1099 Cultural exchange between the West and the East followed with  trade roads being built..... The Orders of Knights Hospitalers and Knights Templars are established.... Brothers {Brethren] of the Sword, known as Schwertbroder, was a minor military order which had branched off the Hospitalers and later took up the name Teutonic Knights Establishment of German nobility. 1100 after - Imperial strongholds are built and towns gain rights and liberties... and some become "free cities".... Traders created the Hanse (Hanseatic League).... Colonization of Germans move eastward into areas that the Teutonic Knights had conquered from the Slavs (Bohemia, Silesia, Pomerania, and Poland) and new villages and towns were created.... 1122 - Conflict between Henry V and the Pope which weaken the Ottonian Rechskircke and gives more power to the German secular princes.... 1152- 1190 - Reign of Emp. Frederick I Barbarossa of the House of Hohenstaufen. House of Guelph's  arrival on the political scene under Henry, the Lion, Duke of Saxony when he gained Bavaria and it's created to a DuchyAustria become a Duchy. 1190 -91 German Oder [Hoch und Deutschmeister ], the Teutonic Knights, were established and modeled after the Knights Hospitalers  They were actually the  "remnants" of the Schwerthbroder, a German Oder, who took up new members and who called themselves the Teutonic Knights. They reestablished their original order which was  modeled after the Knights Hospitalers First recorded Grand Master was Heinrich Walbot - See List Establishment of German nobility. 1226 - Teutonic Knights conquest and Christianization of  "pagan" Prussia 1237 - 1525  Teutonic Knights united with Livonian Knights 1276 - Count Rudolf I, son of Albert IV Hapsburg [Habsburg, a minor Count from Switzerland], was created King of Austria through the Electors of the Rhine and he and his des. would rule Austria from 1276 to 1918 1300 - 1500 - Universities founded were: Prague, Vienna, Heidelberg  [http://www.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/  and see Remmick-Hubert   photogrpahs], Cologne, Leipzig and Rostock c. 1350 Black Death Persecutions of those who were not Catholic, including the Jews 1356 - Golden Bull: Agreement between the powers that their seven Electors would vote for the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. 1400 - 1460s Add notes:  The Lady's costume was worn in the mid 1400s, the townsman was of Ravensburg in 1429 and the Knights was of Stettenberg in 1428. 1417 - Frederick I (Hohenzollern) becomes Elector of Nuremberg 1438 - Albrecht II [Hapsburg], crowned Emp. of the Holy Roman Empire 1450 - Gutenberg invents the movable type in Mainz and the Period known as the Renaissance begins 1493 - Emp. Maximillian I establishes the Imperial Supreme Court (Reichskammergericht); levies taxes; increased the power of the Imperial Diet (Reichstag).

History Continued.......

NOTES:

*Prefer the spelling of Keltic to Celtic which is one of our USA basketball teams......

German Facts Index

Hubert Home Site

Remmick.Home.Site

Borodino Home Site